What Is the Definition of Texture in Art

Texture is one of seven elements of art. It is used to describe the way a three-dimensional work actually feels when touched. In two-dimensional work, such as painting, it may refer to the  visual feel of a piece. Understanding Texture in Art At its most basic, texture is defined as a tactile quality of an objects surface. It appeals to our sense of touch, which can evoke feelings of pleasure, discomfort, or familiarity. Artists use this knowledge to elicit emotional responses from people who view their work. The reasons for doing so vary greatly, but texture is a fundamental element in many pieces of art. Take rocks, for example. A real rock might feel rough or smooth and it definitely feels hard when touched or picked up. A painter depicting a rock would create the illusions of these qualities through the use of other elements of art such as color, line, and shape. Textures  are described by a whole host of adjectives. Rough and smooth are two of the most common, but they can be further defined. You might also hear words like coarse, bumpy, rugged, fluffy, lumpy, or pebbly when referring to a rough surface. For smooth surfaces, words like polished, velvety, slick, flat, and even can be used. Texture in Three-Dimensional Art Three-dimensional artwork relies on texture and you cannot find a piece of sculpture or pottery that does not include it. Fundamentally, the materials used give a piece of art texture. That may be marble, bronze, clay, metal, or wood, but this sets the foundation for the work feels if it were touched. As the artist develops a piece of work, they can add more texture through technique. One might sand, polish, or buff a surface smooth or they might give it a patina, bleach it, gouge it, or otherwise rough it up. Many times you will see texture used in patterns such a series of intersecting diagonals lines that give a surface a basketweave look. Rectangles staggered in rows offer the texture of a brick pattern and concentric, irregular ellipses may imitate the texture of wood grain. Three-dimensional artists often use a contrast of texture as well. One element of an artwork may be smooth as glass while another element is rough and mangled. This contradiction adds to the impact of the work and can help convey their message just as strongly as a piece made of one uniform texture. Texture in Two-Dimensional Art Artists working in a two-dimensional medium also work with texture and the texture may either be real or implied. Photographers, for instance, almost always work with the reality of texture when creating art. Yet, they can enhance or downplay that through the manipulation of light and angle. In painting, drawing, and printmaking, an artist often implies texture through the use of brushstrokes  lines as seen in crosshatching. When working with the impasto painting technique or with collage, the texture can be very real and dynamic. Watercolor painter Margaret Roseman, said,  I aim for an abstract element of a realistic subject and use texture to add interest and suggest depth.  This sums up the way many two-dimensional artists feel about texture. Texture is something that artists can play with through the manipulation of their medium and materials. For instance, you can draw a rose on a rough textured paper and it wont have the softness of one drawn on a smooth surface. Likewise, some artists use less gesso to prime canvas because they want that texture to show through the paint they apply to it. Texture Is Everywhere As in art, you can see texture everywhere. To begin to correlate reality with the artwork you see or create, take the time to really notice the textures around you. The smooth leather of your chair, the coarse grains of the carpet, and the fluffy softness of the clouds in the sky all invoke feelings. As artists and those who appreciate it, regular exercise in recognizing texture can do wonders for your experience.

Cognitive Development Theory Of Moral Judgment - 1082 Words

Introduction Jean Piaget is a famous psychologist who is professionally known for his pioneering work that he did in children’s development. His cognitive development theory has three key components, the first one is scheme, the second one is adaption which is an important process that helps a child to go from one stage another such equilibrium, accommodation and accommodation. The third one is cognitive development with four different sub theory such as, sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational (McLeod, 2015). The focus of this assignment will be on sensorium stage and theory of moral judgment. Sensorimotor stage from birth to 2 years. Piaget’s was against applying age norms to the stages, different†¦show more content†¦A child might know the world â€Å"apple†, but haven’t seen a real apple yet. (Etc.edu.cn, Massey.ac.nz, 2017). But, the child at the preoperational stage still learns from concrete evidence while adults learn in abstract way. Meanwhile, here are a few limitations to the preoperational stage. To start with, child in preoperational stage may lack the concept of conversation. For instance, a child is given two rows of apples that have the same number of apple. But, one of the rows is longer than the other one without changing the number of apple. Child at the preoperational stage states that rows lengths are not same. Because, the look of the objects gave the wrong impression about them to the child. Mostly, children’s decision making depends on their perception (Etc.edu.cn,2017). Saul Mcleod , (2014), Limitations in the Child s Thinking [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.simplypsychology.org/preoperational.html Additionally, conservation does not occur simultaneously in all subject areas. Children do understand the conservation of numbers often at age of 5-6 and do understand conservation of substance. Conservation is something that stays the in terms of quantity even when the appearance changes. In technical words, conservation helps to understand redistributing materials that doesn’t have impact on its mass, volume or number (Saul Mcleod , 2014). Kathleen Stassen Berger in her book called ‘The developing person through the life span second edition’ stated thatShow MoreRelatedKohlberg s Theory Of Moral Development And Moral Maturity Essay1305 Words   |  6 Pagesthe theory of stages of moral development and participated actively in the development of the fields of moral psychology and moral education. Kohlberg was especially inspired by Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist who created the theory of cognitive development. Mark Baldwin, John Dewey, and George Herbert Mead also influenced his thinking (Barger, 2000; Encyclopedia of Education, 2002). In this paper, I will analyze in-depth Kohlberg’s theory and discuss an article that uses Kohlberg’s theory to fosterRead MoreThe Construct Of Empathy, By Great Thinkers From Various Disciplines1669 Words   |  7 Pages The construct of empathy attracts the interest of academics from various fields of study, particularly in subfields of psychology. Its function and associated processes in moral development have been discussed for centuries by great thinkers from various disciplines. Hoffman (1982) defines empathy as â€Å"an affective response more appropriate to another’s situation than one’s own†. Nonetheless, the notion of empathy has always been a complex concept, and the lack of uniformity in the usage and understandingRead MoreOn The Acquisition And Nature Of Morality1662 Words   |  7 Pagesinstill morals Michael Cravey mc44996 6008619005919804 Freshman first semester The University of Texas at Austin In an article titled Conceptual and Informational Features in Moral Decision Making, Cecilia Wainryb and Elliot Turiel discuss how we are presented with the problem of how best to educate morally with the answer potentially lying in teaching methods that take morality attainment processes into account. An explanation of such processes is linked with the attributes of moral decision-makingRead MoreThe Link betwen Morality and Human Nature1385 Words   |  6 Pagesancient times (Prinz, 2008). Moral development is a characteristic of a person’s general development that transpires over the course of a lifetime. Moral development is derived by a wide variety of cultural and demographic factors that appear to influence morally relevant actions. Turiel (2006) defined morality as an individuals â€Å"prescriptive judgments of justice, rights, and welfare pertaining to how people ought to relate to each other.† Individuals’ moral judgments are frequently considered toRea d MoreOutlining Two Theories of Development Essay1288 Words   |  6 PagesTheories of child development have been researched and published over the years. These researches have been done by popular theorists four of whom are Piaget (1896 –1980), Vygotsky (1896 –1934), Ausubel (1918 –2008) and Kohlberg (1927 –1987). First and foremost let me define the term theory. A theory is a collection of related statements; the principal function of which is to summarize and explain observations. It is in a sense an invention designed to make sense of what we know or suspect. DevelopmentalRead MoreThe Theory Of The And Social Theory1468 Words   |  6 Pagesregarded as a personal matter according to an informal survey (Nichols Mallon, 2006). Greene dual moral processes For a long time, theories of moral psychology largely ignored the role of cognitive reasoning in reference to moral judgment; instead the research focused predominantly on the role of emotion and affective intuition in moral judgments. Typically, two research questions are the focus in moral psychology: â€Å"Why do we care about what others do even if what they do does not affect us?† andRead MoreJoan Eriksons Stages Of Psychosocial Development792 Words   |  4 PagesEriksons stages of psychosocial development, as articulated by Erik Erikson, in collaboration with Joan Erikson,[1] is a comprehensive psychoanalytic theory that identifies a series of eight stages, in which a healthy developing individual should pass through from infancy to late adulthood. All stages are present at birth but only begin to unfold according to both a natural scheme and ones ecological and cultural upbringing. In each stage, the person confronts, and hopefully masters, new challengesRead MoreLaw rence Kohlberg ´s Development and Moral Reasoning819 Words   |  3 Pageswhich laid the foundation for the basis of his theories of how moral and faith development is created. He hypothesized that there are six stage-like positions for the development of moral reasoning. Piaget’s focus consisted of a subject knowing and interacting with a well versed environment. Where Piaget was concerned how the person knows the world scientifically and mathematically, Kohlberg focused on how the person structured their experiences and judgments about the social world. Kohlberg also saysRead MoreDescribe and Evaluate Any Two Theories in Developmental Psychology1220 Words   |  5 PagesDescribe and evaluate any two theories in developmental psychology. By Aimee Kaur This paper will focus on two theories in moral development within developmental Psychology. There are three components to our morality; these are emotional, cognitive and behavioural. Shaffer (1993) described morals as a â€Å"set of principles or ideals that help the individual to distinguish right from wrong and to act on this decision† In his book The Moral Judgement of the Child (1932), Piaget states that allRead MoreMoral Development : Moral And Character Development886 Words   |  4 PagesMoral and Character Development Although moral development has addressed from different models or approaches to psychological and educational, it is the cognitive-developmental approach; they are given more importance. For the definition of the cognitive, means that moral development has its bases in the stimulation of the reasoning of the person about circumstances and decisions regarding situations of interpersonal relationship. The role of thinking is necessary, and above all the how and

Personal Statement My Mba Program - 950 Words

The vision that I have for my future and career is a positive one. I started my MBA program at GCU with a positive attitude, determination to stay in the program and complete it successfully. My desire and vision after I complete my program is to take up a new challenge of starting my own small business in the area of non-medical Care Giving Services. This business will give me a great deal of opportunities to utilize all that I’ve learnt throughout my program. Through the small business that I’m looking to set up, I will have the opportunity to offer quality Care Giving Services to clients who have disabilities of one form or another. Not all clients get the quality care that they deserve in the care giving business, so I will focus on rendering loving and compassionate care that will make life easier for our clients. The services rendered and our core values will be in the best interest of the clients. By being a servant leader, I will put the needs of my employees first to ensure that my company is socially responsible through quality customer service rendered by me and employees. Since leadership is considered a critical force in producing positive outcomes in organizations through the performance of employees, it is very important to take servant leadership seriously (Grisaffe, VanMeter, Chonko 2016). My main and foremost priority as a servant leader is to serve others with real selflessness before aiming for profit. For instance, as a non-medical owner of a careShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Action Plan For 20171464 Words   |  6 PagesIncluded in my Personal Action Plan for 2017 are several goals that I need to achieve in order to reach my long-term personal objectives. They include, earning a promotion to Vice President, saving $3.5 million for retirement, maintaining my health, and attaining an MBA degree. All four long-term objectives are specific, relevant to me, in line with my life goals, and time-bound. Most importantly, they are attainable, so I can set new goals once these are met. Furthermore, I am cognizant of theRead MoreMba Statement of Purpose973 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: PERSONAL STATEMENT TO PURSUE AN MBA Personal Statement to Pursue an MBA My personal statement begins with my American journey. A journey of faith and courage in the face of adversity that has taken me to where I am today. And it remains still a work in progress. And an MBA will surely help accelerate that. I was sixteen years old when my family left the Philippines, my birthplace and migrated to the United States to pursue the American dream that many in theRead MoreHypothesis Of A Hypothesis Test903 Words   |  4 Pagesconducting a hypothesis test because the hypotheses are mutually exclusive and if one statement is true then the other is proven as false. According to Mirabella (2011, p. 4-1) states that, â€Å"When we have a theory about a parameter (the average is†¦,the proportion is†¦.,etc), we can test that theory via a hypothesis test.† Therefore, that is what we have used to determine if the average age of Whatsamatta U MBA students is less than 45. We have to conduct a one sample hypothesis test to prove ifRead MoreWhy I Learned Fundamental Accounting And Finance Courses845 Words   |  4 Pagesall the MBA courses that I have taken, it has become clear to me that the knowledge that I have obtained through these courses was significant in that it all owed me to efficiently understand the challenges and subsequent strategic decisions would have on an organization such as Big Rock. More specifically, in terms of quickly understanding the current challenges facing Big Rock, my accounting and finance courses were crucial in allowing me to quickly review Big Rock’s financial statement, which subsequentlyRead MoreCareer Objectives Of Queens Executive Mba1385 Words   |  6 PagesU of C: A written statement outlining - Career objectives and - Learning objectives. Queen’s: A cover letter outlining - Current responsibilities and assignments, - Career accomplishments, - Reasons for applying to Queen s Executive MBA, and - Professional and - Personal goals. I want to earn the MBA so I can - Have better career prospects - Earn more money - Secure my career - Finish what I wanted to accomplish 20 years ago, to serve my country, - Align my skills with the appropriateRead MorePersonal Statement : The Sports Marketing Field795 Words   |  4 Pages focused, and competitive. I completed my major in Communication Studies with a double minor in history and marketing. I complete my undergraduate degree in three years, all while playing soccer at the D1 collegiate level. I am currently enrolled in the Master of Business Administration (MBA) program at Arkansas State University. My passion lies in promotion and marketing. I am particularly interested in social media marketing. I am scheduled to complete my degree in the spring of 2017. As graduationRead MoreGb518 Sdlp Tamer Mansour1432 Words   |  6 Pagesis a process and document to chronicle your accomplishments and learning steps through the MBA program and beyond as they relate to your professional goals. The SDLP will help you to identify and target the array of competencies you need to reach your professional objectives and to help you organize your Kaplan MBA learning experience to suit your career objectives. The SDLP will be a section of your Program Portfolio, so take some quality introspective time to consider strengths and areas of developmentRead MoreAn Advanced Business Degree Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pages There has been a number of years between completing my bachelor’s of science in engineering and my pursuit of an MBA degree. What began as a one-year break from school turned into marriage, raising a family and all of the responsibilities that accompany life. Nevertheless, the desire never left me and the opportunity to pursue this degree has been one of the best decisions I have made. Although my background is in engineering, one of my most compelling passions have been in the area of teachingRead MoreAcademic and Professional Goals Essays932 Words   |  4 PagesProfessional Goals Walden’s Vision and Mission According to Walden’s University the mission statement states: â€Å"Walden University provides a diverse community of career professionals with the opportunity to transform themselves as scholar-practitioners so that they can effect positive social change†. (Laureate, 2013) According to Walden’s University the vision statement states: â€Å"Walden University envisions a distinctively different 21st-century learning communityRead MoreSop for Mba Students1124 Words   |  5 PagesStatement of Purpose â€Å"It is important to sometimes experience failure to completely value success.† Wallowing in self-pity at that moment I didn’t completely comprehend the strength of my father’s encouraging words, but three and a half years later I am a living example of the same. One of the lowest phases of my life was when after the completion of my undergraduate program in Commerce I applied for a postgraduate program to the UK. My student visa application was denied in December 2008

Creativity Essay Example For Students

Creativity Essay The Importance of Creativity for Organizations:Nowadays creativity and innovation are becoming extremely important to the success of all business organizations; because they are facing major and rapid changes in the environment. To cope effectively with the change, organizations must become more innovative, developing the ability to quickly plan and implement adoptions to change their environments. There is a direct link between creativity and important organizational outcomes such as productivity and quality; because creative thinking increases the quality of solutions to organizational problems, helps to stimulate profitable innovations, revitalizes motivation, upgrades personal skills and catalyzes effective team performance. Therefore organizations must motivate creative thinking because it is obvious that the success of businesses in the rapidly changing future will be determined by their ability to become more creative. Definition of Creativity:Creativity is the generation of novel, useful, and predictable ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization. In other words; creativity is seeing analogies where no one else sees them. Actually creativity is the essential first step in innovation, which is vital to long term organizational success. The Creative Process:Creativity is a complex process and it is really a part of most non-programmed decisions. Creativity is not something which can be saved for special occasions. On the other hand there are unique features for the creativity. The creative process is used to find problems, identify alternatives and implement solutions. The creative process has 5 basic steps:a)Preparation: Creativity is not a passive activity; therefore the first step requires a thorough investigation to ensure that all parts of a problem are understood fully. During the preparation stage the employee gather the necessary information and concentrate on the problem or issue. b)Concentration: In his step, personal or organizational energies and resources are focused on solving the problem, and a commitment is made to find and implement a solution. c)Incubation: This is the stage of reflective thought. The employee put the problem aside (sometimes out of frustration), but the employees mind is still working on it unconsciously. This stage is usually aided by working (or playing) on an unrelated object or event. d)Insight (Illumination): At some point during the incubation stage, we become aware of a unique idea. There flashes of inspiration are fleeting and can be lost quickly if not documented. In other words, creative thoughts do not keep a particular schedule. They might come to you at any time of day or night. e)Verification: Insights are merely rough ideas. Their usefulness still requires verification through conscious evaluation and experimentation. Therefore the last step involves testing the solution or ideas. The creator seeks corroboration and acceptance of the new approach. This process can lead to various types of creativity. ;#61607;Innovation or an original approach to approach to a problem: Innovation involves seeing the obvious before anyone else does. ;#61607;Extension; which involves expanding an idea to another application. ;#61607;Duplication; or the copying of good ideas from others; which is the simplest form of creative thought. Types of Creative People:The type of creative people also differs like the types of creativity. There are two types of creative people; -Adaptors-InnovatorsAccording to Michael Kirton there are two styles of creativity; adaptors and innovators. Both are creative but in different ways. Adaptors; try to figure out how things can be improved. They tend to feel comfortable working with existing boundaries and systems to push for changes that will make systems better. They change cautiously and in small steps. Innovators; on the other hand, are more likely to challenge the existing system and the accepted ways of doing things. They are catalysts for new ideas, often discovering new problems and novel solutions. Innovators challenge rules and break customs. Businesses need both types of people. They need innovators to shake things up and break from established approaches; they also need adaptors to bring stability and order to the confusion that the innovators can create. Innovators give you the outrageous twists that can be truly ground breaking. Adaptors have the political senility to take these twists and turn them into acceptable ideas that can actually be implemented. The Characteristics of Highly Creative People and Organizations:Although everyone has the capacity to be creative; there are remarkable characteristics of highly creative people. Creative people often are known for originality, open-mindedness, curiosity, a focused approach to problem solving, persistence a relaxed and playful attitude and receptivity to new ideas. The Creative IndividualThe Creative Organization or Department1Conceptual fluencyOpen-mindednessOpen Channels of communicationContact with outside sourcesOverlapping territoriesSuggestions systems; brainstorming; group techniques. 2OriginalityAssigning non-specialists to problemsEccentricity allowedHiring people who make you uncomfortable3Less AuthorityIndependenceSelf-ConfidenceDecentralization, loosely defined positions, loose control. Qualities of a Good Leader Essay4.Encourage many ideas; Brainstorming is based on the idea that quality increases with the number of ideas presented. This relates to the notion that divergent thinking occurs after traditional ideas have been exhausted. Therefore the group should think of as many possible solutions as possible and go well beyond the traditional solutions to a problem. Brainstorming is widely used in many companies. In spite of its popularity, however brainstorming has several limitations. One problem is that brainstorming rules do not completely remove evaluation apprehension because employees still know that others are silently evaluating the quality of their ideas. Production blocking and related time constraints prevent all ideas from being presented. In fact, individuals working alone usually produce more potential solutions to a problem than if they work together using the brainstorming method. On the other hand, brainstorming rules seem to minimize negative conflict among members and improve the teams focus on the required task. Brainstorming participants also interact and participate directly, thereby increasing decision acceptance and team cohesiveness. Although evaluation apprehension is still a concern, mature groups may overcome this problem and leverage the subtle benefits of face to face communication. To share feelings of optimism an d d excitement can encourage a more creative climate. Electronic Brainstorming; is a structured team decision making process whereby several people individually generate ideas or make decisions through computer software that post each participants ideas or opinions anonymously. Advantages:It reduces the problem of production blocking. It supports creative synergy because participants can easily develop new ideas from those generated by other people. It minimizes the problem of evaluation apprehension. It reduces the time spent. Disadvantages:It is too structured and technology bond for most people therefore it seems odd to employees. It has higher costs than normal brainstorming. Fewer participants included in electronic brainstorming. Delphi Technique; is a structured team decision making process of systematically pooling the collective knowledge of experts on a particular subject to make decisions predict the future or identify opposing views. Delphi groups do not meet face-to-face, participants are often located in different parts of the world and may not know each others identity moreover participants do not know who owns the ideas submitted. Nominal Group Technique; is a structured team decision making process whereby members independently write down ideas, describe and clarify them to the group. And then independently rank or vote on them. Nominal group technique is a variation of traditional brainstorming and Delphi technique that tries to combine individual efficiencies with team dynamics. Creativity on the field: A study about creativity in workplaceHypotheses:Senior employees tend to be bounded to their organizations thus their results regarding the company will be biased. Green employees and newcomers tend to criticize more about both mgt. organization. Depts. would differ in results naturally, because the composition of employees differs. Innovator style employees and adaptor style employees results will differ. Gender is a factor that effects the evaluation. Preparation:The study is carried out using a survey;questionnaire that is used to determine; first the individuals creativity status (adaptor or innovator style), then his/her view of the organizations policies and procedures regarding creativity issues. The first ten questions are tending to measure the creativity style whereas the remainder forty is measuring the organizationmanagements manner towards creativity. These questions are grouped 12 main categories which evaluates both positive and negative manner of the organization. And also demographic and departmental data is provided. Notes about the structure of the survey; the survey has a special way of treating and evaluating; has subparts that are Ac;#305;kfikirlilik, Sezgisel Yakla;#351;;#305;m, E;#351;itlik, Geli;#351;tirici, Cesaretlendirici, Ac;#305;klay;#305;c;#305;l;#305;k that evaluates the positive side which adds up to form ;#304;DEAL PUAN; and Kritik, Azarlama, F;#305;rsatc;#305;l;#305;k, Tekilcilik, Egoistlik, Dogmatik that evaluates the negative side of the company finally adds up to form the KAPALI PUAN. This points; ;#304;DEAL and KAPALI give an idea about overall performance about creativity issues on the employees p.o.v. Application:This survey is printed on two sheets of paper which are handed out in HQ of one of the commercial banks departments of Organizasyon ve ;#304;;#351; Geli;#351;tirme, Bireysel Krediler, Call-Center, Mimarl;#305;k ve Emlak, Muhasebe. The surveys are handed out to 62 employees and asked to fill in freely then the questionnaires are collected. Evaluation:The hypotheses are tested in SPSS using the mean differences of the populations mentioned in hypothesis, the results are provided in charts as follows;First analysis is inner-consistency about the survey which correlates the ;#304;deal puan and Kapal;#305; puan with corresponding subgroups, and also tries to relate the ;#304;deal;Kapal;#305; puan to each other.